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    Methods of Forming --Multi-step Forming
    Published:2009-7-3 14:45:32
    Multi-step Forming    Thermoforming Machine
    Billow forming and plug assist forming are occasionally combined with drape forming and vacuum forming to obtain unique wall thickness distributions. One
    example is reverse draw forming with plug assist. illustrates the multiple step process, Where a bubble is blown first. The plug is then plunged into
    the bubble, everting it under control. Once the plug has stretched the bubble nearly to the femle mold bottom, vacuum or pressure is applied to
    force the sheet against the mold surface. This technied requires much patience since a stable bubble without excessive stretching is key to uniform and consistent
    part wall thickness distribution. The male mold variation of this, with the mold initially acting as the plug. This technique is sometimes called pressure bubble
    immersion forming or just inmersion forming. Again, the bubble can be formed with vacuum, in a vacuum box that also serves as a pressure box for pressure forming.
    Table 1.6 [19] summarizes many aspects of the themoforming process.
    Table 1.6 Characteristics of the Themoforming ProcessThermoforming Machine
    Procces                         Mold configuration        Plug assist     Inflation
     
                                    Male       Female
    Vacuum forming                              X
    Drape forming                     X
    Matched mold                     X          X 
    Inflation-plug assist vacuum forming              X           X             X
    Plug assist                                   X           X
    Vacuum snap-back                Plug      Vacuum
    Inflation snap-back                Plug      Pressure                      X
    Trapped sheet,pressure                         X                         X
    Slip forming                       X         X                        Mold Rises
    Adapted form [19]